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4 articles

System Design

How to Scale a Database From 1 Query Per Second to 10,000 Queries Per Second

Scaling isn't about one magical technology. It's a continuous process of removing bottlenecks step by step — from query optimization to sharding. Here's what we

7 min read · May 30, 2026
System Design

How Consistent Hashing Distributes Load Without Reshuffling Everything

Most engineers know consistent hashing exists. Few know exactly why it was invented, what problem it solves at 3am when a node dies.

9 min read · May 28, 2026
Database Internals

Why PostgreSQL Uses MVCC Instead of Locking

Locks block. MVCC lets readers and writers coexist without stepping on each other.

11 min read · May 21, 2026
Backend

Rate Limiting at Scale: Token Bucket vs Sliding Window

Every API needs rate limiting. The algorithm you pick changes your memory usage, accuracy, and burst behaviour at scale.

8 min read · May 7, 2026